Multiple support refractory arch and wall construction



y 12, 1964 L. H. HOSBElN 3,132,447

MULTIPLE SUPPORT REFRACTORY ARCH AND WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 20. 1961 6 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. laws If. lfosbem BY 0&8, 6 all g m mags May 12, 1964 L. H. HOSBEIN MULTIPLE SUPPORT REFRACTORY ARCH AND WALL CONSTRUCTION 20. 1961 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb.

INVENTOR. [alas H. Hasbezrz y 12, 1964 L. H. HOSBEIN 3,132,447

MULTIPLE SUPPORT REFRACTORY ARCH AND WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 20, 1961 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 6* I I Mii' INVENTOR. Zouzs 1i. Hasbem FIG. 7

2%, AM, aiiz s May 12, 1964 1.. H. HOSBEIN MULTIPLE SUPPORT REFRACTORY ARCH AND WALL CONSTRUCTION 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 20, 1961 INVENTOR. H. ffosbe Louis BY 5 a 9 I I 1 r 'I I 3,132,447 IPLE SUPPORT REFRACTORY ARCH AND WALL CONSTRUCTION 20, 1961 May 12, 1964 L. H. HOSBEIN MULT 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Feb.

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aiiys y 12, 1964 L. H. HOSBEIN 3,132,447

MULTIPLE SUPPORT REFRACTORY ARCH AND WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 20, 1961 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 MT I1 United States Patent 3 132,447 MULTIPLE SUPPORT REFRAT@RY ARCH AND WALL CUNSTRUC'HUN Louis H. Hoshein, Gleneoe, lll., assignor to M. H. Detrick Company, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Delaware Filed Feb. 20, 1951, Ser. No. W516 8 Claims. (@l. 543-399) My invention relates to refractory arch and wall constructions, and more particularly to such an arch or wall construction that is provided with a strong refractory supporting structure, while at the same time providing refractory members that have the ends thereof that are exposed at the heat exposed face of the arch or wall of small area so as to decrease the resistance to cracking or spalling of the wall forming refractories.

Refractory furnace l nings ideally should be so designed that a small area per refractory unit is exposed to the heat of the furnace. Preferably the exposed end faces of the tiles of refractory material that are exposed to the heat are approximately square and said tiles at their inner ends preferably have a cross sectional area that are nearly equal to that of a standard fire brick.

It is highly desirable in order to avoid the necessity of using high priced metal alloys that are resistant to heat for brackets of hanger members, to provide supporting means for the wall tiles that includes refractory bracket or hanger members between the metal structure and the wall tiles so that the metal structure will be removed from the highly heated zone and can be made of metals that do not have to be of any special alloy resistant to heat. One of the dilficulties encountered in connection with using refractory brackets or hanger members is that these have had a tendency to fail at portions of reduced cross section therein due to the fact that in previous wall structures it has been necessary to provide reduced portions in the refractory brackets or hanger members in order that the wall forming tiles or refractories could be interlocked therewith so as to be held from movement a relative thereto and be supported thereby. One of the purposes of my invention is to provide a refractory bracket or hanger member that is of a sturdy construction devoid of such reduced neck portions that cause a weakened place to exist in such a bracket or hanger member. This is accomplished by providing a refractory bracket or hanger member that has a body portion that is relatively thick, and which has projecting formations thereon extending beyond the sides of the body portion for holding the wall forming refractories or tiles assembled therewith, said body portion being of a rectangular character in cross section except for such projecting formations.

Specifically my improved refractory bracket or hanger member is provided with an elongated rectangular body portion that is provided with marginal longitudinal flanges or ribs on a pair of opposed longitudinal side faces thereof and an intermediate longitudinal rib on said side faces extending in parallelism to said marginal flanges or ribs and spaced therefrom so as to provide grooves between said ribs that are of approximately the same width as said ribs or marginal flanges, the other longitudinal side faces of said hanger or bracket member and the end faces thereof being flat.

In order that such a hanger or bracket member can be used that is of a thickness between the ribbed sides thereof that is not limited by any requirements with respect to the cross sectional area of the wall forming tiles or refractories that have the ends thereof exposed to the heat of the furnace, I have provided a wall structure in which refractory wall tiles are mounted on the refractory bracket member and extend inwardly beyond said bracket members on each side thereof to the inner or heat exposed face of the wall, said tiles having ribs thereon that engage between a pair of the ribs on the bracket members to hold the wall tiles against inward and outward movement relative to the bracket members and other refractory wall tiles that are each mounted between a pair of the refractory wall tiles that are connected with the refractory bracket members and located between the inner face of the refractory bracket member and the inner or heat exposed face of the wall and which extend from the bracket member to the inner face of the wall, which last mentioned refractory wall tiles are interlocked with the wall tiles that are carried by the bracket members, so that said wall tiles are held from relative endwise movement with respect to each other, the interlocking means comprising ribs and grooves on the side faces of said wall tiles.

By providing the wall tiles that are interposed between the inner face of the refractory bracket or hanger and the inner heat exposed face of the wall, the wall or roof tiles can be made as small relative to the cross section of the hanger as may be desired and thus the massiveness of the hanger member does not in any manner interfere with the use of wall tiles that are of such a character that the same will have the maximum resistance to cracking or spalling.

Another advantage of my improved wall or roof construction is that the metal brackets that are provided for connecting the refractory bracket or hanger members with the metallic framework can be placed further apart and thus reduced in number from what has been previously necessary. This is possible because the refractory hanger members can be made of such a minimum cross section that the same will have sufficient strength to support a larger number of wall tiles than is possible with previously used refractory bracket members. Thus a row of wall tiles can be mounted on each side of one of the elongated refractory bracket or hanger members and one or more intermediate wall tiles can be supported by the wall tiles that are carried by the adjacent refractory bracket members, said intermediate wall tiles being mounted in interlocking relationship with each other and with the wall tiles that are supported directly by the refractory bracket members and these along with the rows of wall tiles that are interposed between the inner faces of the refractory bracket members and the heat exposed face of the wall form the refractory wall structure.

in order that the use of a large number of different shapes of wall tiles is avoided, I have provided wall tiles that have a rectangular body portion that is substantially square in cross section and which has a marginal transverse ilange or rib at one end of each of a pair of opposed side faces thereof and a plurality of spaced transverse ribs of the same height and width as said marginal flanges or ribs of each of said pair of sides, that are so spaced from the marginal flanges and from each other as to provide grooves between said ribs that are of approximately the same width as said ribs and flanges, and also of the same width as the width of the ribs and grooves of the refractory hanger members so as to thus be adapted to interfit therewith, the ribs being so located that the end of each of said wall tiles opposite that having the marginal flange is only of the thickness of the body portion of the wall tiles and thus provides a reduced end opposite the marginal flanged end thereof. It is thus necessary to normally provide only two different lengths of wall tiles of this character that are of the same cross section to be used with the refractory bracket or hanger member of my invention in order to build a roof or arch of the character desired for furnace structures.

My improved wall forming a sectionally supported vertical found to be desirable to her in a vertical tiles can also be used in wall structure. It is not use the elongated hanger memwall, but to use the shorter of the two '3 =19 wall forming tiles ordinarily used in a roof or arch as a refractory bracket for mounting the wall structure on a metal framework and utilizing a slightly shorter than normal wall tile between the inner end of the wall tile that is used as a bracket member and the heat exposed face of the wall and the longer Wall tiles normally used in the arch or roof, the relationship of this shorter wall tile and the longer wall tiles adjacent thereto, that are connected directly with the refractory bracket member, being the same as in the roof or arch in which the horizontally elongated refractory bracket member is used.

My improved wall tiles are also capable of being used as bracket members in roof or arch structures that do not have to have the thickness of the usual roof or arch of an apparatus such as an open hearth furnace. In such a structure the short wall forming tiles that are used in the vertical wall structure between the refractory bracket members and the heat exposed face of the wall are supported from longer wall tiles that are used as bracket members, the marginal flanges at one end of said longer wall tiles being utilized as means for securing the same to metal bracket members that mount said wall tile serving as refractory brackets on the metal framework. The adaptability of my wall tiles to various structures is also illustrated by the fact that it can be used in constructing a cover for a soaking pit, in which a somewhat thicker wall is desired than that just referred to, the longer wall tiles being in this case used as bracket members and the shorter wall tiles of the arch or roof structure being used for the supported tiles mounted between the wall tiles that are used as bracket members, said bracket members or supporting tiles and the supported tiles alternating in this type of structure.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will appear as the description of the drawings proceeds. I desire to have it understood, however, that I do not intend to limit myself to the particular details shown or described except as defined by the claims.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of tory bracket or hanger member.

FIG. 2 is a similar view of one of the longer wall tiles that are used in a refractory arch or roof that is subjected to a high heat.

FIG. 3 is a similar view of the shorter tile used in such an arch or roof structure.

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view partly in elevation of a roof or arch made in accordance with my invention.

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary view partly in elevation and partly in section taken at right angles to FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 4 of a modification.

FIG] is a view similar to FIG. 4 of a roof structure in which wall tiles are used as hanger brackets.

FIG. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view partly broken away of a soaking pit cover, a fragmentary portion of the soaking pit wall being also shown.

FIG. 9 is a fragmentary face view of a vertical wall utilizing the wall tiles forming part of my invention.

FIG. 10 is a fragmentary view partly in horizontal section and partly in elevation, taken on the line til-4.0 of FIG. 9.

FIG. 11 is a FIG. 9, and

FIG. 12 is a fragmentary view partly in elevation and partly in vertical section through the wall shown in FIG. 9.

Referring in detail to the drawings, in FIG. 1 is shown a refractory bracket member made in accordance with my invention, which is provided with a substantially rectangular body portion, said refractory bracket member being of an elongated character and having flat end faces and a pair of flat longitudinal side faces 21. The other pair of longitudinal side faces are provided with marginal longitudinally extending flanges 22 and 23 that form marginal ribs projecting from the main rectangular my improved refracsimilar view taken on the line 1l1l of body portion of the hanger member. Also projecting from the walls that are provided with the marginal flanges 22 and 23 are the intermediate ribs 24. The ribs 24 and the flanges 22 and 23 are of the same cross sectional size and are so spaced that grooves 25 and 26 are provided between the ribs 24 and flanges 22 and 23 that are of approximately the same width and depth as the width and heightof flanges 22 and 23 and of said ribs 24. Said grooves have flat bottom walls 27 and the flanges 22 and 23 and the ribs 24 have fiat top or outer walls 28, which walls 23 are of substantially the width of the bottom walls 27 of the grooves. Said flanges 22 and 23 have rounded corners as shown at 29 and, as will be more obvious from FIGS. 4 and 6, the ribs 24 have side walls 30 that diverge toward the bottom walls 27 of the grooves 25 and 25, said marginal flanges 22 and 23 having inclined walls 31 that incline in a similar manner to the walls 3d of the ribs 24 to thus provide grooves that gradually widen outwardly toward the entrances into the same. Said walls 3t? and 31 are inclined only sufficiently to facilitate moulding, being at an angle only slightly greater than a right angle to said top walls 28, said angle being approximately as shown in the drawings.

My improved hanger members are mounted on any suitable framework that is provided with frame members 32, upon which bracket members 33 are mounted, which bracket members have a pair of depending ears 34 thereon terminating in inturned ends 35 that extend at an oblique angle to the downwardly extending portions 34 and are adapted to engage the marginal flanges 22 or 23 of said refractory bracket members, which are indicated generally by the numeral 36 in FIG. 4. While the marginal flanges of the refractory bracket member are designated by the numerals 22 and 23, said marginal flanges are duplicates, and it is to be understood that the refractory bracket member 36 can be utilized with either the flanges 22 or the flanges 23 upwardly and in engagement with the metallic brackets 33, it being only necessary that the metallic bracket members carried by the framework are engaged by the upper marginal ribs or flanges of the refractory bracket members 36 in order that these will serve their purpose of supporting the roof or arch structure from the metallic framework.

With the refractory bracket members 36 in the position shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 the wall tiles are ready to be assembled therewith. The wall tiles that are used in building the refractory arch or roof shown in FIG. 4, are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Said wall tiles are shown in FIG. 4 as comprising longer wall tiles 37 and shorter wall tiles 38. The wall tiles 37 and 38 are of a similar character, being only different in length. Said wall tiles 37 have flat substantially square end walls 39 and are provided with marginal end flanges or marginal ribs 40 at one end thereof, which are of the same cross sectional size and shape as the marginal flanges 22 and 23 of the refractory bracket or hanger member 36. Said wall tiles are also provided with a plurality of ribs 41, 42 and 43 that are all of the same cross sectional size and shape, and the cross sectional shape thereof is the same as that of the ribs 28 on the hanger bracket 36. The end of the wall tile 37 opposite that having the marginal rib or flange 4t) thereon is spaced from the rib 43 so as to provide a reduced end portion 44 thereon. Said ribs 41, 42 and 43 are spaced from each other and from the marginal rib or flange 49 such distances that the widths and depths of the grooves formed between them, indicated by the numerals 45, 46 and 47, are substantially the same as the width and height of the ribs 41, 42 and 43 and the bottom walls of said grooves 45, 46 and 47 are of approximately the same width as the outer faces of the ribs 41, 42 and 43 with the entrances to said grooves of approximately the same width as the base portions of said ribs 41, 42 and 43. The end ribs or flanges 40 are shown as being seated in the grooves 26 of the hanger brackets 36 in FIG. 4 with said wall tiles 37 thus supported width by and suspended from said hanger brackets, because of the engagement of the marginal end flanges or ribs 48 with the marginal end flanges or ribs 23 of the brackets 36, said ribs or end flanges 23 being seated in the grooves 45 of said wall tiles 37.

The faces of the wall tiles 37 that are at right angles to the faces thereof having the alternating ribs and grooves therein are provided with alternating depressions 48 and raised portions 49 providing alternating shallow ribs and grooves, which are for the purpose of reducing the passage of hot gases between adjoining wall tiles, but which have no supporting function, While the ribs 40, 41, 42 and 43 and the grooves 45, 46 and 47 serve not only as means for supporting one wall tile on another and supporting the Wall tiles 37 on the hanger brackets 36, but also serve to provide such a circuitous path for the hot gases. While the ribs 48, 41, 42 and 43 on one side of each of said tiles 37 are opposite the ribs 40, 41, 42 and 43 on the other side thereof, the shallow ribs 49 on one side of the tiles 37 are opposite the shallow grooves 48 on the opposite side thereof.

The wall tiles 38 are provided with marginal end flanges or marginal ribs 50 at one end thereof, which are of the same cross sectional size and shape as the marginal flanges 22 and 23 of the bracket member 36 and marginal ribs or flanges 40 of the wall tiles 37. Said wall tiles 38 are also provided with the ribs 51 and 52, that are both of the same cross sectional size and shape, which is the same as that of the ribs 24 on the hanger bracket 36 and of the ribs 41, 42 and 43. Said wall tiles 33 have flat end walls 53 and the ribs 52 are spaced from the one end of the wall tiles 38 so as to provide a reduced portion 54 corresponding to the reduced portion 44 of the tile 37. The ribs 51 and 52 are spaced from each other and from the marginal rib or flange 50 so that the and depth of the grooves 55 and 56 is substantially the same as the Width and height of the ribs 51 and 52, and thus of the ribs 41, 42 and 43 and the bottom walls of the grooves 55 and 56 are of approximately the same width as the outer face of the ribs 41, 42 and 43, 51 and '2.

The faces of the wall tiles 38 that are at right angles to those that have the alternating ribs and grooves 50, 51, 52, and 55 and 56 thereon, are provided with alternating depressions 48 and raised portions 49 just as are the Wall tiles 37, the raised portions 49 of the tiles 38 being adapted to engage the depressed portions 48 of the tiles 37 and 38 adjacent which the same are located.

Upon reference to FIG. 4 it will be noted that there is a tile 37 located on each side of a hanger member 36 and suspended therefrom by engagement of the marginal ribs or flanges 48 with the marginal ribs or flanges 23 on the hanger members. Upon reference to FIG. 5 it will be noted that a row of said tiles 37 is mounted on each side of the hanger member, the tiles 37 being shown as overlapping the joints of the hanger members 36 in FIG. 5. A wall tile 38 is mounted between each pair of the wall tiles 37, there being thus a row of the wall tiles 38 between the inner or heat exposed face of the wall and each refractory bracket member 36, as will be obvious from FIG. 5. Said wall tiles 38 are mounted between the tiles 37 with the marginal rib or flange 50 seated against the reduced portions 44 of the adjacent wall tiles 37 and with the ribs 51 and 52, respectively, thereof seated in the grooves 47 and 46, respectively, of the wall tiles 37 on each side thereof. The ribs 41 of the wall tiles 37 lie adjacent the reduced end portions 54 of the wall tiles 38, While the ribs 42 and 43 of said wall tiles are seated in the grooves 56 and 55 of said wall tiles 38. The wall tiles 38 are thus suspended from the wall tiles 3'7 and have their inner ends 53 aligned with the inner ends 39 of the wall tiles 37 with the row of said Wall tiles 38 lying between the two rows of wall tiles 37 in alignment with the hanger member 36.

in the structure shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 an intermedi ate row of wall tiles 37 is also suspended from the wall tiles 37 that are hung from the bracket members 36, thus providing a row of wall tiles that are out of alignment with the hanger brackets 36, which permits the spacing of the metal framework members 32, brackets 33 and refractory hanger brackets 36 further apart transversely than would otherwise be possible. It will be obvious that when the intermediate wall tiles 37 are put in position they are arranged with their marginally flanged or ribbed ends downwardly instead of upwardly so that the ribs 43 of the intermediate row of wall tiles 3'7 will lie opposite the reduced ends 44 of the adjacent wall tiles 37, that are hung from the bracket members 36, and ribs 43, 42 and 41 of said intermediate wall tiles 37 will be seated in the grooves 45, 46 and 47, respectively, of the wall tiles 37 that support the same from the hanger bracket 36, while the ribs 40 on the wall tiles that are hung from the hangers 36 will lie opposite the reduced upper end portions 44 of the intermediate wall tiles 37 and the ribs 41, 42 and 43 of said hanger suspended wall tiles 37 will be seated in the grooves 47, 46 and 45, respectively, of the intermediate wall tiles 37. Thus the intermediate row of wall tiles 37 will be interlocked with the row of wall tiles 37 that are suspended from the hanger brackets 36, as will be also the wall tiles 38.

If it is desired to provide a thinner Wall of a similar character to that shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 the hanger members 36 can be used in connection with the wall tiles such as shown in PEG. 6, in which the Wall tiles 38 are shown as being suspended from the hanger brackets on opposite sides thereof, a row of said wall tiles 38 being provided on each hanger bracket 36 in the same manner as illustrated in FIG. 5 for the wall tiles 37. In this construction the wall tiles 38 have the marginal flanges or ribs 50 thereof seated in the grooves 26 of the hanger brackets 36 and have an intermediate row of wall tiles 38 mounted between the rows of wall tiles 38 that are mounted on the hanger brackets 36 with the ribs 51 and 52 on the hanger suspended Wall tiles 38 seated in the grooves 56 and 55, respectively, in the intermediate wall tiles 38 and the ribs 52 and 51 on the intermediate row of wall tiles 38 seated in the grooves 55 and 56 of the hanger supported wall tiles 38. The marginal ribs or flanges 50 on said intermediate wall tiles lie opposite the reduced end portions 54 of the hanger supported wall tiles 33, while the reduced end portions 54 of the intermediate wall tiles lie opposite the marginal flanges or ribs 58 of the hanger supported wall tiles. Thus the construction of the wall between a pair of hanger members 36 is similar to that previously described, except that the shorter wall tiles 38 are used therein instead of the longer wall tiles 37.

A wall tile 57 is provided between each pair of wall tiles 38, that is mounted on a bracket member 36. Said wall tiles 57 are provided with a marginal rib or flange 58 on one end thereof and with a single intermediate rib 59 the marginal flanges 58 being of the same cross section as the marginal flanges 22 and 23 of the hanger brackets, while the intermediate rib 59 is of the same cross sectional shape and size as the rib 24. Said wall tile 37 is also provided with a reduced end portion 63, which is of the same cross section as the reduced end portions 44 and 54 and with a groove 61 of the same cross sectional shape and size as the grooves 27 between the marginal rib 58 and the intermediate rib 59, which rib is of approximately the same cross sectional shape and size as the rib 59, and thus is adapted to receive the rib 52 on an adjacent wall tile 38, the ribs 59 seating in the grooves 56 of said wall tiles 38, While the ribs 51 of the Wall tiles 58 lie adjacent the reduced portions 64) of the wall tiles 57, and the marginal flanges 58 on the wall tiles 57 lie adjacent the reduced end portions 54 of the Wall tiles 38.

It is sometimes desirable to provide a wall that is made up of wall tiles such as disclosed herein, which is of a light construction, a roof or arch of such a light construction being shown in FIG. 7, in which the elongated hanger brackets are dispensed with and the wall tiles 38 are used as hanger brackets, the marginal flanges or ribs 50 thereof being engaged by the metal brackets 33 mounted on the framework 32 in a similar manner to that in which the brackets 36, previously described, are engaged by said metal brackets. Said wall tiles 38 are shown in FIG. 7 as having the wall tiles '7 suspended therefrom in the same manner as are the wall tiles 57 in the form of the invention shown in FIG. 6. A wall tile 57 is inverted and mounted between each of the pair of wall tiles 57 mounted on adjacent brackets 38 with the marginal ribbed or flanged portion 58 thereof upwardly and the reduced end portion 66 downwardly and with the ribs 59 on the intermediate row of wall tiles 57 seated in the grooves 61 of the hanger supported wall tiles 57 and the ribs 59 of the hanger supported wall tiles 57 seated in the grooves 61 of the intermediate row of wall tiles 57. The wall tiles 57 are also provided with flat end faces 62, which align with the end faces 53 of the wall tiles 38, and with each other, on the inner face of the wall, as will be obvious from FIGS. 6 and 7.

In FIG. 8 a soaking pit cover is shown, which is provided with a movable framework having the frame members 63 extending across the main portion of the cover, frame members 64 at the marginal portions of the cover and frame members 65 and 66 mounted on the frame members 64 and 63, the framework being constructed in this manner in order to provide a depressed rim portion for the soaking pit cover, which may engage the top of the soaking pit wall. The soaking pit cover, it will be noted, is made up of the wall tiles 37, which are used as hanger members connected with the frame members 65 and 66 by means of metal brackets 33, such as previously described, which, in the main part of the soaking pit cover, alternate with wall tiles 38, the wall tiles 33 being suspended from the wall tiles 37 in a similar manner to that in which the wall tiles 38 are suspended from the wall tiles 37 in the form of the invention shown in FIG. 4, but the wall tiles 37 in the case of the soaking pit cover are secured directly to the metal brackets 33. In order to depress the marginal portion of the soaking pit cover, a pair of wall tiles 33 is provided between a wall tile 37 mounted on the frame member 36 and a wall tile 37 mounted on the frame member 65 with the one wall tile 33 offset downwardly relative to the other wall tile 38 so that the marginal rib or flange 56 on the higher wall tile will seat in the groove 55 of the lower wall tile and the rib 51 on the higher wall tile will seat in the groove 56 of the lower wall tile. It will accordingly be obvious that any desired stepped arrangement in a wall or roof can be obtained by the use of my wall tiles having the interlocking ribs and grooves on the side walls thereof.

My improved wall tiles are also adapted for use in vertical refractory walls. In FIGS 9 to 12 inclusive, a refractory wall structure is shown, that is mounted on a framework that has the horizontally extending frame member 67, which is shown as being T-shaped in cross section, having an upstanding flange 68, a depending flange 69 and a horizontal flange 70. Bars 71 extend vertically between vertically adjacent frame members 67. Each of said bars is provided with a central thickened portion 72, which is provided with an opening '73 therethrough, which has an enlargement 74 providing a shoulder on said bar between the enlarged portion 74 of the opening and the reduced portion thereof, with which a hook end 75 of a bracket 76 engages. Said bracket 76 is generally T- shaped in cross section, having a transverse portion made up of a pair of arms 77, extending from the shank portion 73 thereof, that terminate in depending fingers 79. Said bars 71 are also provided with stiffening ribs 36 and 81 extending from the enlargement or thickened portion 72. A slot 82 is also provided in each of the bars 71 at one end thereof.

Brackets 83 are mounted on the framework, being provided with vertical laterally extending flanges 84. A hook portion 85 extends outwardly from the body portion of the bracket 83 and is provided with a reinforcing rib 86, said hook portion 85 hooking around the upper marginal edge of the upstanding flange 68 on the frame member. Upstanding lateral flanges 87 are also provided on the hook portion, which engage the lower extremity of the bar 71 on the outer side thereof, the flange 84 engaging the inner side of said bar 71 so that said bar will be confined between the flanges 84 and 87, the ribs 86 on said bar 71 ending short of the end of said bar 71. A longitudinal rib 88 is also provided on the outer side of the bracket 83, which extends into the slot 82 in the upper end of the bar 71 below the one that is held between the flanges 84 and 87. An enlargement 39 on said rib S8 bears against the flange 69 on the frame member 67. The bracket is thus held securely in position on the frame member 67 and the bars 71 associated with the bracket 83 in this manner are firmly held in position, extending between vertically adjacent frame members 67 with the brackets 76 extending therefrom.

The brackets 83 are provided with shelf portions 90 and with upper transverse flanges 91 for mounting the wall tiles 38 thereon, which serve as refractory bracket members in the vertical wall construction shown in FIGS. 9 to 12. In order to hold said wall structure from movement inwardly toward the inside of the furnace from the metal frames, certain of the wall tiles 3% are secured to the metal framework by means of the brackets 7 6, the depending fingers 79 extending around on opposite sides of the marginal flanges or ribs 50 to hold said wall tiles 38 from inward movement. Interlocked with the wall tiles 38 are the wall tiles 37, a wall tile 37 being mounted on each side of each of the wall tiles 38, that are mounted on either a bracket 76 or a bracket 83, said wall tiles 38 and 37 being horizontally adjacent and the ribs 43 on the wall tiles 37 seating in the grooves 56 of the wall tiles 38, while the ribs 52 on said wall tiles 38 seat in the grooves 47 of the wall tiles 37. A plurality of wall tiles 37 is also positioned between each of the wall tiles that are interlocked in this manner with the wall tiles 38 that are mounted on horizontally adjacent bracket members 76, the adjacent wall tiles 37 in a horizontal row being reversed end for end, as will be obvious from FIG. 10. Mounted in horizontal alignment with each of the wall tiles 38 mounted on a metal bracket is a wall tile 57, which has its reduced end portion 60 lying opposite the marginal flange or rib portion 40 of a tile 37 on each side thereof, and which has the marginal rib or flange 58 thereon seated in the grooves 46 of the adjacent wall tiles 37 and the ribs 59 thereon seated in the grooves 45 in said adjacent wall tiles 37. The ribs 41 of said adjacent wall tiles 37 are seated in the grooves 61 in said Wall tiles 57.

The wall tiles 38 mountedon the brackets 83 have wall tiles 37 alternating therewith, as will be obvious from FIG. 11, and have the wall tiles 57 mounted between the inner ends of the wall tiles 38 and the heated face of the wall. By providing the brackets 83 the wall is seetionally supported at regularly spaced vertical intervals by means of said brackets 83. An expansion joint extends between the sectionally supported groups of wall tiles, as will be obvious from FIG. 12, and the joint is filled with refractory cement at said joint between the upper face of a lower tile, such as the tile 37 shown in FIG. 12, and the bracket supported tile 38, as well as between the next higher tile 37 supported on the tile 38 and the tile 57 mounted inwardly of the refractory bracket tile 38. The refractory cement in the joint is indicated by the numeral 92. Between the metal framework and the refractory wall a layer of heat insulating material 93 may be provided and this heat insulating material 93 may be faced on the exterior thereof with block heat insulation 94.

Upon reference to FIG. 9 it will be seen that the wall tiles are arranged in staggered relation, that is, the wall tiles of each horizontal row break joint with those of the next higher and lower rows. It will also be noted that between horizontal rows of Wall tiles that contain the bracket forming tiles 38 and the tiles 57 between the same and the inner heat exposed face of the Wall are horizontal rows of wall tiles that are made up entirely-of the Wall tiles 37, the same being arranged with the adjacent ones having the reduced end portions extending in opposite directions so that the smaller end of each alternate tile will be directed inwardly, while the smaller end of each tile 37 between these will have its smaller end directed outwardly, all of such tiles 37 located between the rows supported by the brackets 83 brackets 83 and the Wall tiles 38 mounted on said brackets 83 to thus provide the sectional support above referred to.

What I claim is:

1. The combination with a metallic framework of refractory bracket members each having a plurality of parallel alternating ribs and grooves extending continuously across each of a pair of opposed side faces thereof including an outer marginal rib and a pair of spaced ribs spaced from said outer marginal rib on each of said side faces, the ribs on one of said side faces being opposite 'the ribs on the opposed side face, metal brackets mounted on said framework engaging said marginal ribs to mount said refractory bracket members on said framework, a pair of Wall tiles approximately square in cross section adjacent each of said refractory bracket members mounted on opposite sides of each of said refractory bracket members and each of said adjacent Wall tiles having a plurality of alternating ribs and grooves extending continuously across each of a pair of opposed side faces thereof, the ribs on one of the side faces of said pair being opposite the ribs on the other side face of said pair, said ribs and grooves on said adjacent wall tiles including a rib on each thereof seated between said pair of spaced ribs on one side of said refractory bracket member and a rib on said adjacent Wall tile parallel to and spaced from said last mentioned rib, and intermediate wall tiles approximately square in cross section mounted between certain of said first mentioned wall tiles, each having alternating ribs and grooves extending continuously across a pair of opposed side faces thereof, including a spaced pair of parallel ribs receiving one of said ribs of said first mentioned Wall tiles therebetween, all of said wall tiles having alternating ribs and grooves in the other pair of side faces thereof extending continuously across said last mentioned pair of side faces, and the ribs on one of said side faces of said last mentioned pair being opposite the grooves in the other side face of said last mentioned pair.

2. The combination with a metallic framework of refractory bracket members approximately square in cross section each having a plurality of parallel alternating ribs and grooves extending continuously across each of a pair of opposed side faces thereof including an outer marginal rib on each of said side faces and a plurality of parallel ribs spaced from said outer marginal rib and from each other, the ribs on one side face of said pair being opposite the ribs on the other side face of said pair, one of said last mentioned ribs being spaced from the inner end of said refractory bracket member to provide a reduced inner end thereon, metal brackets on said framework engaging said marginal ribs to mount said refractory bracket members on said framework, and Wall tiles approximately square in cross section mounted on opposite sides of said refractory bracket members and each having a plurality of alternating ribs and grooves extending continuously across each of a pair of opposed side faces thereof, the ribs on one of the side faces of said pair being opposite the ribs on the other side face of said pair and including a rib positioned adjacent said reduced inner end of said refractory bracket member and a rib seated between a pair of said ribs on said refractory bracket member, the other pair of side faces of each of said brackets and wall tiles being supported by said i i being provided with alternating interfitting ribs and grooves extending continuously across said last mentioned side faces and the ribs on one of said side faces of said last mentioned pair being opposite the grooves in the other side face of said last mentioned pair.

3. The combination with a metallic framework of refractory bracket members approximately square in cross section each having a plurality of parallel alternating ribs and grooves extending continuously across each of a pair of opposed side faces thereof includin an outer marginal rib on each of said side faces and a pair of parallel ribs spaced from said outer marginal rib and from each other, the ribs on one side face of said pair being opposite the ribs on the other side face of said pair, one of said last mentioned ribs being spaced from the inner end of said refractory bracket member to provide a reduced inner end thereon, metal brackets on said framework engaging said marginal ribs to mount said refractory bracket members on said framework, and Wall tiles approximately square in cross section mounted on opposite sides of said refractory bracket members and each having a pair of alternating ribs and grooves extending continuously across each of a pair of opposed side faces thereof, the ribs on one of the side faces of said pair being opposite the ribs on the other side face of said pair and including an inner marginal rib positioned adjacent said reduced inner end of said rerfactory bracket member and a rib seated between a pair of said ribs on said refractory bracket member, and wall tiles approximately square in cross section mounted between said first mentioned wall tiles and supported thereby, each of said last mentioned wall tiles having a pair of alternating ribs and grooves extending continuously across each of a pair of opposed side faces thereof, the ribs on one of said side faces being opposite the ribs on the other side face of said pair and including a rib on each of said side faces mounted between the pair of ribs of an adjacent supporting wall tile, the other pair of side faces of each of said brackets and Wall tiles being provided with alternating interiitting ribs and grooves extending continuously across said last mentioned side faces and the ribs on one of said side faces of said last mentioned pair being opposite the grooves in the other side face of said last mentioned pair.

4. A refractory tile having a rectangular body portion approximately square in cross section having a marginal transverse flange at one end of each of a pair of opposed side faces extending continuously across each of said pair of side faces and a plurality of spaced transverse ribs of the same height and width as said marginal flanges extending continuously across each of said pair of side faces thereof spaced from said marginal flanges, the ribs on one of the side faces of said pair being opposite the ribs on the other side face of said pair, one of said ribs on each of said side faces being spaced from the other end of said tile to define a reduced end portion thereon, the spacing of said ribs from said flanges and from each other defining grooves between them of approximately the width of said flanges and ribs and extending continuously across each of said pair of side faces, said tile having flat approximately square end faces and having alternating spaced ribs on the other pair of side faces thereof defining grooves much shallower than said first mentioned grooves, said last mentioned ribs and grooves extending continuously across said other pair of side faces and the ribs on one of said side faces of said last mentioned pair being opposite the grooves in the other side face of said last mentioned pair.

5. A refractory tile having a rectangular body portion approximately square in cross section having a marginal transverse flange at one end of each of a pair of opposed side faces extending continuously across each of said pair of side faces and a plurality of spaced transverse ribs of the same height and width as said marginal flanges extending continuously across each of said pair of side faces thereof spaced from said marginal flanges, the ribs on one of the side faces of said pair being opposite the ribs 'on the other side face of said pair, one of said ribs on each of said side faces being spaced from the other end of said tile to define a reduced end portion thereon, the spacing of said ribs from said flanges and from each other defining grooves between them of approximately the width of said flanges and ribs extending continuously across each of said pair of side faces, said tile having flat approximately square end faces and having parallel spaced ribs on the other pair of side faces thereof defining grooves between the same, said last mentioned ribs and grooves extending continuously across said other pair of side faces and the ribs on one of said side faces of said last mentioned pair being opposite the grooves in the other side face of said last mentioned pair.

6. In a refractory wall, the combination with a metallic framework of elongated refractory bracket members each having a plurality of parallel alternating longitudinal ribs and grooves extending continuously across each of a pair of opposed longitudinal side faces thereof, including an outer marginal rib, an inner marginal rib, and an intermediate rib on each of said side faces, the ribs on one of said side faces being opposite the ribs on the opposed side face, metal brackets mounted on said framework engaging said outer marginal ribs to mount said refractory bracket members on said framework, wall tiles each approximately square in cross section and having a plurality of alternating parallel ribs and grooves extending continuously across each of a first pair of opposed side faces thereof, the ribs on one of the side faces of said pair being opposite the ribs on the other side face of said pair, the second pair of opposed side faces of each of said wall tiles having alternating ribs and grooves extending continuously across said second pair of side faces, said last mentioned ribs on one of said second pair of side faces being opposite the grooves in the other side face of said second pair, said wall tiles comprising a row of wall tiles on each side of each of said brackets each of which tiles extends to the inner face of the Wall, said ribs on each of said first pair of side faces of the wall tiles of each row including an outer marginal rib seated between an intermediate rib and an inner marginal rib of said refractory bracket member, wall tiles mounted between two of said rows of wall tiles and located between said refractory bracket members and the inner face of the wall, the ribs on each of the first pair of said faces of said last mentioned wall tiles including a rib seated between a pair of spaced ribs on one of the first side faces of a tile in one of said rows of tiles.

7. In a refractory wall, the combination with a metallic framework of elongated refractory bracket members each having a plurality of parallel alternating longitudinal ribs and grooves extending continuously across each of a pair of opposed longitudinal side faces thereof, including an outer marginal rib, an inner marginal rib, and an intermediate rib on each of said side faces, the ribs on one of said side faces being opposite the ribs on the opposed side face, metal brackets mounted on said framework engaging said outer marginal ribs to mount said refractory bracket members on said framework, wall tiles each approximately square in cross section and having a plurality of alternating parallel ribs and grooves extending continuously across each of a first pair of opposed side faces thereof, the ribs on one of the side faces of said pair being opposite the ribs on the other side face of said pair, the second pair of opposed side faces of each of said wall tiles having alternating ribs and grooves extending continuously across said second pair of side faces, said last mentioned ribs on one of said second pair of side faces being opposite the grooves in the other side face of said second pair, said Wall tiles comprising a row of wall tiles on each side of each of said brackets each of which tiles extends to the inner face of the wall, said ribs on each of said first pair of side faces of the wall tiles of each row including an outer marginal rib seated between an intermediate rib and an inner marginal rib of said refractory bracket member, wall tiles mounted between two of said rows of wall tiles and located between said refractory bracket members and the inner face of the Wall, the ribs on each of the first pair of side faces of said last mentioned wall tiles including a rib seated between a pair of spaced ribs on one of the first side faces of a tile in one of said rows of tiles, and intermediate wall tiles extending from the outer to the inner face of said wall, the ribs on each of the first pair of faces of said intermediate Wall tiles including a rib seated between a pair of spaced ribs on one of the first side faces of a tile in one of said rows.

8. In a refractory Wall, the combination with a metallic framework of refractory bracket members approximately square in cross section each having a plurality of parallel alternating ribs and grooves extending continuously across each of a pair of opposed side faces thereof including an outer marginal rib on each of said side faces and a plurality of parallel ribs spaced from said outer marginal rib and from each other, the ribs on one side face of said pair being opposite the ribs on the other side face of said pair, one of said last mentioned ribs being spaced from the inner end of said refractory bracket member to provide a reduced inner end thereon, metal brackets on said framework engaging said marginal ribs to mount said refractory bracket members on said framework, wall tiles approximately square in cross section mounted on oppo site sides of said refractory bracket members and each having a plurality of alternating ribs and grooves extending continuously across each of a pair of opposed side faces thereof, the ribs on one of the side faces of said pair being opposite the ribs on the other side face of said pair and including a rib positioned adjacent said reduced inner end of said refractory bracket member and a rib seated between a pair of said ribs on said refractory bracket member, and wall tiles approximately square in cross section mounted between said first mentioned wall tiles and between said refractory bracket members and the inner face of the wall each having alternating ribs and grooves extending continuously across each of a pair of opposed side faces thereof, the ribs on one of the side faces of said pair being opposite the ribs on the other side face of said pair and including ribs seated between a pair of spaced ribs on said first mentioned wall tiles, the other pair of side faces of each of said brackets and wall tiles being provided with alternating interfitting ribs and grooves extending continuously across said last mentioned side faces, and the ribs on one of said side faces of said last mentioned pair being opposite the grooves in the other side face of said last mentioned pair.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 457,982 Bohrne Aug. 18, 1891 1,705,965 De Wolf Mar. 19, 1929 1,949,045 Ferguson Feb. 27, 1934 1,972,838 Antill Sept. 4, 1934 1,978,077 Doyle et a1. Oct. 23, 1934 2,127,842 Hosbein Aug. 23, 1938 2,341,971 Antill Feb. 15, 1944 2,657,651 Forsyth Nov. 3, 1953 2,660,050 Hosbein et a1 Nov. 24, 1953 2,753,711 Weber July 10, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 210,453 Austria Aug. 10, 1960 477,131 Great Britain Dec. 22, 1937 519,723 Great Britain Apr. 4, 1940 

1. THE COMBINATION WITH A METALLIC FRAMEWORK OF REFRACTORY BRACKET MEMBERS EACH HAVING A PLURALITY OF PARALLEL ALTERNATING RIBS AND GROOVES EXTENDING CONTINUOUSLY ACROSS EACH OF A PAIR OF OPPOSED SIDE FACES THEREOF INCLUDING AN OUTER MARGINAL RIB AND A PAIR OF SPACED RIBS SPACED FROM SAID OUTER MARGINAL RIB ON EACH OF SAID SIDE FACES, THE RIBS ON ONE OF SAID SIDE FACES BEING OPPOSITE THE RIBS ON THE OPPOSED SIDE FACE, METAL BRACKETS MOUNTED ON SAID FRAMEWORK ENGAGING SAID MARGINAL RIBS TO MOUNT SAID REFRACTORY BRACKET MEMBERS ON SAID FRAMEWORK, A PAIR OF WALL TILES APPROXIMATELY SQUARE IN CROSS SECTION ADJACENT EACH OF SAID REFRACTORY BRACKET MEMBERS MOUNTED ON OPPOSITE SIDES OF EACH OF SAID REFRACTORY BRACKET MEMBERS AND EACH OF SAID ADJACENT WALL TILES HAVING A PLURALITY OF ALTERNATING RIBS AND GROOVES EXTENDING CONTINUOUSLY ACROSS EACH OF A PAIR OF OPPOSED SIDE FACES THEREOF, THE RIBS ON ONE OF THE SIDE FACES OF SAID PAIR BEING OPPOSITE THE RIBS ON THE OTHER SIDE FACE OF SAID PAIR, SAID RIBS AND GROOVES ON SAID ADJACENT WALL TILES INCLUDING A RIB ON EACH THEREOF SEATED BETWEEN SAID PAIR OF SPACED RIBS ON ONE SIDE OF SAID REFRACTORY BRACKET MEMBER AND A RIB ON SAID ADJACENT WALL TILE PARALLEL TO AND SPACED FROM SAID LAST MENTIONED RIB, AND INTERMEDIATE WALL TILES APPROXIMATELY SQUARE IN CROSS SECTION MOUNTED BETWEEN CERTAIN OF SAID FIRST MENTIONED WALL TILES, EACH HAVING ALTERNATING RIBS AND GROOVES EXTENDING CONTINUOUSLY ACROSS A PAIR OF OPPOSED SIDE FACES THEREOF, INCLUDING A SPACED PAIR OF PARALLEL RIBS RECEIVING ONE OF SAID RIBS OF SAID FIRST MENTIONED WALL TILES THEREBETWEEN, ALL OF SAID WALL TILES HAVING ALTERNATING RIBS AND GROOVES IN THE OTHER PAIR OF SIDE FACES THEREOF EXTENDING CONTINUOUSLY ACROSS SAID LAST MENTIONED PAIR OF SIDE FACES, AND THE RIBS ON ONE OF SAID SIDE FACES OF SAID LAST MENTIONED PAIR BEING OPPOSITE THE GROOVES IN THE OTHER SIDE FACE OF SAID LAST MENTIONED PAIR. 